University of Geneva, September 18-19 2025
How have workers' bodies been protected in hazardous working environments? Masks, gloves, goggles, helmets, ventilators, fume hoods, radiation detectors, shields, and fuses are just some of the devices deployed to safeguard health and ensure safety in dangerous spaces. Beyond their materiality and functionality, they carry with them the stories of technical innovations, workers' resistances, social transformations, and adaptations to toxic and polluted environments. They also reveal the complex trade-offs involved in the governance of risks, always marked by tensions between industrial productivism, health preservation, and social justice, between assigning responsibility to individuals and to collectives, and between the temporalities of accidents and chronic illness. What can these objects teach us about the strategies that past and present societies have adopted to balance protection and exploitation, technical progress and bodily vulnerability, and the impacts of industrialization on public health and the environment?
The international conference Protecting Bodies at Work: Technical Devices, Materialities of Health, and Political Imaginaries aims to explore the history of health technologies from the Middle Ages to the present in workplaces, urban areas, and colonial contexts. Through multidisciplinary and transnational perspectives, this conference will investigate how health-related objects and devices have both shaped and been shaped by social, cultural, scientific, and industrial dynamics. We invite researchers from all disciplines to submit original contributions in the field of occupational health and environmental health, focusing on the materiality, symbolic significance, circulation, uses, and disuses of sanitary objects.
Imaginaries of Risk and Prevention
Health protection devices are more than practical solutions; they embody a complex interplay of materiality, scientific knowledge, and social imaginaries. Designed to address health concerns, they carry beliefs, values, and norms, reflecting the ambitions and contradictions of their time. Inspired by Gilbert Simondon’s notion of technical objects as mediators between humans and their environment, and the works of Sheila Jasanoff, Soraya Boudia and Nathalie Jas on how technologies co-construct societal values and power structures, this theme examines how health-related objects have been perceived over time. How do they symbolize concepts like “healthy work,” “clean air,” “industrial hygiene,” or “protected environment”? How do they reflect tensions between prevention and productivity, innovation and inequality? Who are the actors and institutions promoting these devices? Moving beyond a functional analysis, this theme explores objects as reflections of broader social, scientific, and political transformations.
Circulation of Objects and Reconfiguration of Space
Health protection devices can be seen as tools for conquering spaces deemed dangerous, hostile, or unhealthy, often designed for multiple uses. These devices act as "boundary objects," crossing and linking distinct realms such as workshops, hospitals, urban spaces, and natural environments. What knowledge, practices, and narratives accompany these circulations? How are these devices transformed or reinterpreted as they move between spaces or across national and cultural borders? This theme invites contributions exploring not only their circulation but also how their transnational movement reveals flows of ideas, knowledge, and techniques while shaping local and global public health norms, working conditions, and environmental challenges.
The Politics of Objects and Negotiated Uses
Health devices are deeply embedded in power dynamics. Imposed as solutions to industrial, epidemic, or environmental risks, they reflect sanitary norms advanced by employers, medical professionals, hygienists, or states. Yet, they also face resistance, reappropriation, or rejection. This theme explores these tensions, examining how such devices function as both instruments of control and catalysts for social change. How are these devices introduced and legitimized? How do workers or targeted populations perceive and adapt them in their daily lives? How do they reshape work routines or individual and collective relationships with health and the environment? By studying their uses, appropriations, or rejections, this theme sheds light on the power relations surrounding health devices and how they redefine interactions between employers, workers, scientific institutions, regulatory bodies, and the public, revealing the ongoing tensions between bodily health, productivity, social justice, and environmental health.
Submissions:
Proposals should include a brief description of the research question(s) and the sources to be studied (300–500 words), and a short biography (150 words).
Contributions in French or English are welcome, and those focusing on non-European contexts are particularly encouraged.
Submission Deadline: March 1, 2025
Send your proposals to: veronique.stenger@unige.ch, yohann.guffroy@unige.ch, bruno.strasser@unige.ch
Références principales / Main References :
1. Boudia, Soraya, and Nathalie Jas, editors. Powerless Science? Science and Politics in a Toxic World, Berghahn Books, 2014.
2. Bruno Anne-Sophie, Geerkens Éric, Hatzfeld Nicolas, Omnès Catherine (dir.), La santé au travail, entre savoirs et pouvoirs (19e-20e siècles), Rennes, Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2011
3. Greenlees Janet, When the Air Became Important: A Social History of the New England and Lancashire Textile Industries, Rutgers University Press, 2019.
4. Guignard, Laurence, et al., éditeurs. Corps et machines à l’âge industriel. Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2011.
5. Jarrige, F. et Le Roux, T. La Contamination du monde. Une histoire des pollutions à l'âge industriel, Paris, Le Seuil, 2017.
6. Jasanoff Sheila, Sang-Hyun Kim (ed.) Dreamscapes of Modernity. Sociotechnical Imaginaries and the Fabrication of Power, University of Chicago Press, 2015.
7. Moriceau, Caroline, Les douleurs de l'industrie: L'hygiénisme industriel en France, 1860-1914, Paris, Editions de l'Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, 2010.
8. Rainhorn Judith, Blanc de plomb. Histoire d'un poison légal, Paris, Les Presses de Sciences Po, 2019.
9. Rosental Paul-André (dir.), Silicosis. A World History, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2017.
10. Rosner, David, and Gerald Markowitz, eds. 1989. Dying for Work: Workers’ Safety and Health in Twentieth-Century America. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
11. Sellers Christopher, Hazards of the job: from industrial disease to environmental health science, Chapel Hill and London, University of North Carolina Press, 1997.
12. Weindling Paul (ed), The Social History of Occupational Health, London, Croom Helm, 1985.
